Implementation of School-Based Management on Improving the Quality of Learning (Multi-Site Study at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar, Mojokerto Regency)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.178Keywords:
Implementation, Educational Management, Quality of Learning, LeadershipAbstract
Objective: School-Based Management (SBM) grants schools broader authority in managing education. Data from the education report cards reveal that the quality of learning at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari (63.1) and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar (60.21) remains below the expected standard. This study seeks to analyze the planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation of school-based management in improving the quality of learning at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar in Mojokerto Regency. Method: This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-site study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. Results: The implementation of SBM in both schools resulted in different levels of effectiveness. This is influenced by leadership capacity, stakeholder collaboration, use of technology, and support from school resources. SBM is carried out through participatory planning, team formation, learning supervision, and data-based evaluation. The success of SBM is not only determined by the execution of management functions but also by the school's capacity to integrate resources and stakeholders to improve the quality of learning. Novelty: This multi-site study provides a novel comparative insight into how differences in technological readiness and stakeholder collaboration shape divergent learning quality in the implementation of SBM at two public schools in Mojokerto Regency.
References
Aderet-German, T., & Ben-Peretz, M. (2020). Using data on school strengths and weaknesses for school improvement. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2019.100831
Adil, N., Rashidi, Z., & Frooghi, R. (2018). Strengthening school management committees: a framework for process and outcome. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(4), 701–718. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-03-2017-0072
Ang, J. V, Adlit, M. F., Docdoc, V. A., Comeros, J. S., & Lagnason-Pacheco, L. (2025). School-based management implementation and educational outcomes in Philippine public schools: An explanatory sequential inquiry. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(4), 2625–2644. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i4.6611
Aziz, A. Z. (2015). Manajemen berbasis sekolah: alternatif peningkatan mutu pendidikan madrasah. El-Tarbawi, 8(1), 69–92. https://doi.org/10.20885/tarbawi.vol8.iss1.art5
Baharudin, Y. H., Purbosari, P., Budiarti, W. N., Kartika, W. D., & Inayah, L. N. (2022). Kajian Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah untuk Pengembangan Sekolah Dasar. Journal On Teacher Education, 3(3), https://doi.org/10.31004/jote.v3i3.4601.
Bandur, A., Hamsal, M., & Furinto, A. (2022). 21st Century experiences in the development of school-based management policy and practices in Indonesia. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 21(1), 85–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10671-021-09293-x
Bixler, K., & Ceballos, M. (2025). Principals Leading AI in Schools for Instructional Leadership: A Conceptual Model for Principal AI Use. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 24(1), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2024.2428297
Bogdan, R., & Biklen, S. K. (2003). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods. Allyn and Bacon. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-2juAAAAMAAJ
Caldwell, B. J. (2005). School-based management. UNESCO-IIEP. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/notice?id=p::usmarcdef_0000141025
Çinkir, S. (2021). School Self-Evaluation as a Trigger for School Improvement. In Empowering Education: Research, Theory And Practice (pp. 11–34). Peter Lang AG. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107396886&partnerID=40&md5=4fb6358bc55bf760fe8f922f86ddb44c
Connolly, M., James, C., & Fertig, M. (2019). The difference between educational management and educational leadership and the importance of educational responsibility. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 47(4), 504–519. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143217745880
Diaty, R., Arisa, A., Ari Lestari, N. C., & Ngalimun, N. (2022). Implementation of school-based management aspects in guidance and counseling services. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Pandohop, 2(2 SE-Articles), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v2i2.5244
Elmelegy, R. I. (2015). School-based management: An approach to decision-making quality in Egyptian general secondary schools. School Leadership and Management, 35(1), 79–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2014.962499
Enes, U. O. R., Asha, L., & Wanto, D. (2024). Optimization of Facilities and Infrastructure Management in Improving the Quality of Learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Kharisma, 3(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v3i2.54
Eugenia, J., Oproescu, M., & Tudosoiu, D. (2019). Romanian pre-university education from the perspective of school management. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECAI46879.2019.9041999
Figueiredo, C. (2024). External School Evaluation Feedback and School Self-Evaluation: What Feedback Is Provided? Research in Educational Administration and Leadership, 9(1), 123–164. https://doi.org/10.30828/real.1300512
Fullan, M., & Watson, N. (2000). School-based management: Reconceptualizing to improve learning outcomes. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 11(4), 453–473. https://doi.org/10.1076/sesi.11.4.453.3561
Ghavifekr, S., & Ramzy, M. I. (2020). Exploring effective leadership practices of private school principals to improve teachers’ academic excellence and students’ learning achievement. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 65(3), 123–156. https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.202009_65(3).0005
Gottfried, M. A. (2012). Understanding the institutional-level factors of urban school quality. Teachers College Record, 114(12). https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811211401206
Gui, Q., Omar, M. K., & Harithuddin, A. S. M. (2026). Teachers’ professional development on self-efficacy, attitudes, and digital competencies in the digital era. Acta Psychologica, 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106683
Hallinger, P. (2010). Developing Instructional Leadership (pp. 61–76). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9106-2_5
Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (2014). Collaborative leadership and school improvement: Understanding the impact on school capacity and student learning. REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educacion, 12(4), 71–88. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061162733&partnerID=40&md5=99b7cf4685c422dae8a8476321d47ac5
Hamid, H. (2013). Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah. Al-Khwarizmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 1, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.24256/jpmipa.v1i1.86
Ishii, Y., & Ogawa, K. (2024). An Analysis of School-Based Management on Learning Achievement in Senegal Primary Education. Educational Process: International Journal, 13(2), 72–89. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2024.132.5
Ko, J., Cheng, Y. C., & Lee, T. T. H. (2016). The development of school autonomy and accountability in Hong Kong: Multiple changes in governance, work, curriculum, and learning. International Journal of Educational Management, 30(7), 1207–1230. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-10-2015-0145
Komariah, A. (2019). The fluctuation of school-based management implementation. Opcion, 35(Special Issue 21), 1012–1027. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071389607&partnerID=40&md5=c6f9306efee9327e63ef92e09712bdc6
Krasniqi, R. (2021). Principal’s Role in Supporting Teacher Collaborative Learning. Research in Educational Administration and Leadership, 6(4), 903–941. https://doi.org/10.30828/REAL/2021.4.5
Makarim, A. Z. (2020). School committee’s role in improving the quantity of education in state elementary schools in Pleret. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(2), 6366–6370. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079865527&partnerID=40&md5=c7ff7ebc9f03245627cfb73d3bea2778
Mamabolo, A. (2020). The influence of school principals as potential entrepreneurial leaders on the emergence of entrepreneurial activities for school funding. South African Journal of Education, 40(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v40n4a2040
Mejia, A., & Filus, A. (2018). Exploring predictors of impact of school-based management in rural Mexico: Do student engagement, teacher attitudes and parent involvement predict better academic outcomes? International Journal of Educational Research, 88, 95–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.01.010
Mestry, R., & Govindasamy, V. (2021). The Perceptions of School Management Teams and Teachers of the Principal’s Instructional Leadership Role in Managing Curriculum Changes. Interchange, 52(4), 545–560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10780-021-09425-5
Miles, M. B., & Hubberman, A. M. (2014). Analisis Data Kualitatif. Universitas Indonesia Press.
Mizel, O. (2009). Teamwork in israeli arab-bedouin school-based management. British Journal of Educational Studies, 57(3), 305–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8527.2009.00439.x
Moleong, L. J. (2007). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif edisi revisi. Rosdakarya.
Mursalim, M. (2019). Empowerment Of State Special-Needs School Achievements Trough School-Based Management Implementation In Indonesia: A Voices From The Principals In Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(7), 171–174. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071756205&partnerID=40&md5=e18bde420a89ce190e587b4480059f4a
Nicdao, M. F., & Ancho, I. V. (2020). Practices of the stakeholders’ involvement in the formulation of school improvement plan. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 20(1), 219–246. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2020.9
Nir, A., & Levin, R. (2026). The subordination of public schools to dual hierarchies: challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Educational Management, 40(4), 713–726. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-10-2025-0818
Nungkiastuti, F. D., & Kusumawardhani, A. (2021). Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Tingkat SMA dalam Pengelolaan Manajemen Mutu – ISO 9001:2008. Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 6(9). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v6i9.4177
Nurcahyono, N., Sutisnawati, A., & Nurasiah, I. (2019). Lokakarya manajemen berbasis sekolah (mbs) dan implementasi pada kurikulum 2013 di sekolah dasar (sd) di sukabumi, Indonesia. Empowerment : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2. https://doi.org/10.25134/empowerment.v2i01.1743
OECD. (2016). Teaching Excellence through Professional Learning and Policy Reform: Lessons from Around the World.
Olowoselu, A. (2023). Educational Management and Leadership in Online Learning Environment: Challenges and Solutions. In Overcoming Challenges in Online Learning: Perspectives from Asia and Africa (pp. 13–24). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003342335-3
Patiam, A. M. C. (2025). Evaluation of Contextualized SBM Practices in Selected Public Elementary Schools in the Philippines: Inputs for Compliance and Performance Monitoring. Educational Process: International Journal, 18. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.18.514
Pham, K. T., Ha, X. V, Truong, T. D., Dinh, H.-V. T., Duong, H.-Y. T., & Nguyen, T.-V. (2025). School Stakeholders’ Perspectives on the Implementation of School-Based Management in Vietnam’s Education Reform. European Journal of Education, 60(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70193
Pratiwi, S. N. (2016). Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sekolah. EduTech: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.30596/edutech.v2i1.578
Qomariah, N., & Shidiq, G. A. (2024). Effectiveness of Funding Models in Promoting Quality Education and School Management: Insights from the Indonesian School of Bangkok. ASEAN Journal of Education, 10(2), 104–113. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105029836469&partnerID=40&md5=7d5feecd5e280b92c63f8625a17408e5
Rahim, B. (2019). Decentralized decision making and educational outcomes in public schools: Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(7), 1625–1640. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-04-2018-0143
Rahman, L. Z., & Hamdi, A. (2021). Analisis Kepemimpinan Profetik Dalam Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Di MI Miftahul Ulum Anggana. Al-Idarah: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 11(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24042/alidarah.v11i1.8836
Ralebese, M. D., Jita, L. C., & Badmus, O. T. (2025). Perceptions and practices of principals: examining instructional leadership for curriculum reform. Frontiers in Education, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1591106
Richardson, A. M. (2007). The future of site-based management: Principals are the key. Academic Leadership, 5(3). https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-45749153021&partnerID=40&md5=a277961706e2bcf7f4d1ada59f07b1cb
Sebastian, J., & Allensworth, E. (2019). Linking principal leadership to organizational growth and student achievement: A moderation mediation analysis. Teachers College Record, 121(9). https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811912100903
Sebastian, J., & Park, S. (2022). School leadership and organizational factors: evaluating pathways to student learning. In International Encyclopedia of Education: Fourth Edition (pp. 243–254). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.05025-9
Setyaningsih, R., Suci, A., & Puspasari, F. (2021). Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (Studi Di Smp Islam Al-Azhar 37 Pekanbaru). JURNAL MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN, 9. https://doi.org/10.33751/jmp.v9i1.3363
Shaked, H. (2024). Relationship-based instructional leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 27(5), 1052–1069. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2021.1944673
Sucuoğlu, E., & Bahcelerli, N. M. (2024). School Based Management in The Perspective of Budget Planning. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 5398–5404. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00397
Terry, G. R. (1977). Principles of Management. R. D. Irwin. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=pi9VAAAAMAAJ
Ulfatin, N., Sumarsono, R. B., & Yunus, J. N. (2022). School-based management in marginal areas: Satisfying the political context and student needs. Management in Education, 36(3), 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020620959739
Usman, B., Muslem, A., Nur, E., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). A strategic performance of school-based management for high schools in Aceh, Indonesia. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 18(3). https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068434484&partnerID=40&md5=91e377769eee50fb385a6aa32ccf2cc9
WorldBank. (2007). What Do We Know About School-Based Management?
Yulianti. (2020). The effect of school-based management on school achievements in elementary schools. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 13(2), 502–517. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087081139&partnerID=40&md5=4ddf46c125fbf11a92dcb402f6799772
Zai, E., Duha, M., Gee, E., & Laia, B. (2022). Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Pelaksanaan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di SMA Negeri 1 Ulugawo. Curve Elasticity: Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 3, 13–23. https://doi.org/10.57094/jpe.v3i2.460
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Emerging Research and Review

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.




